Transformers

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State-of-the-art Machine Learning for JAX, PyTorch and TensorFlow

Transformers provides thousands of pretrained models to perform tasks on different modalities such as text, vision, and audio.

These models can be applied on:

• Text, for tasks like text classification, information extraction, question answering, summarization, translation, text generation, in over 100 languages.
• Images, for tasks like image classification, object detection, and segmentation.
• Audio, for tasks like speech recognition and audio classification.

Transformer models can also perform tasks on several modalities combined, such as table question answering, optical character recognition, information extraction from scanned documents, video classification, and visual question answering.

Transformers provides APIs to quickly download and use those pretrained models on a given text, fine-tune them on your own datasets and then share them with the community on our model hub. At the same time, each python module defining an architecture is fully standalone and can be modified to enable quick research experiments.

Transformers is backed by the three most popular deep learning libraries Jax, PyTorch and TensorFlow with a seamless integration between them. It's straightforward to train your models with one before loading them for inference with the other.

Online demos

You can test most of our models directly on their pages from the model hub. We also offer private model hosting, versioning, & an inference API for public and private models.

Here are a few examples:

In Natural Language Processing:

• Masked word completion with BERT
• Name Entity Recognition with Electra
• Text generation with GPT-2
• Natural Language Inference with RoBERTa
• Summarization with BART
• Question answering with DistilBERT
• Translation with T5

In Computer Vision:

• Image classification with ViT
• Object Detection with DETR
• Semantic Segmentation with SegFormer
• Panoptic Segmentation with MaskFormer
• Depth Estimation with DPT
• Video Classification with VideoMAE
• Universal Segmentation with OneFormer

In Audio:

• Automatic Speech Recognition with Wav2Vec2
• Keyword Spotting with Wav2Vec2
• Audio Classification with Audio Spectrogram Transformer

In Multimodal tasks:

• Table Question Answering with TAPAS
• Visual Question Answering with ViLT
• Zero-shot Image Classification with CLIP
• Document Question Answering with LayoutLM
• Zero-shot Video Classification with X-CLIP

Write With Transformer, built by the Hugging Face team, is the official demo of this repos text generation capabilities.

100 projects using Transformers

Transformers is more than a toolkit to use pretrained models: it's a community of projects built around it and the Hugging Face Hub. We want Transformers to enable developers, researchers, students, professors, engineers, and anyone else to build their dream projects.

In order to celebrate the 100,000 stars of transformers, we have decided to put the spotlight on the community, and we have created the awesome-transformers page which lists 100 incredible projects built in the vicinity of transformers.

If you own or use a project that you believe should be part of the list, please open a PR to add it!

If you are looking for custom support from the Hugging Face team

Quick tour

To immediately use a model on a given input (text, image, audio, ...), we provide the pipeline API. Pipelines group together a pretrained model with the preprocessing that was used during that model's training. Here is how to quickly use a pipeline to classify positive versus negative texts:

>>> from transformers import pipeline

# Allocate a pipeline for sentiment-analysis
>>> classifier = pipeline('sentiment-analysis')
>>> classifier('We are very happy to introduce pipeline to the transformers repository.')
[{'label': 'POSITIVE', 'score': 0.9996980428695679}]

The second line of code downloads and caches the pretrained model used by the pipeline, while the third evaluates it on the given text. Here the answer is "positive" with a confidence of 99.97%.

Many tasks have a pre-trained pipeline ready to go, in NLP but also in computer vision and speech. For example, we can easily extract detected objects in an image:

>>> import requests
>>> from PIL import Image
>>> from transformers import pipeline

# Download an image with cute cats
>>> url = "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/coco_sample.png"
>>> image_data = requests.get(url, stream=True).raw
>>> image = Image.open(image_data)

# Allocate a pipeline for object detection
>>> object_detector = pipeline('object-detection')
>>> object_detector(image)
[{'score': 0.9982201457023621,
  'label': 'remote',
  'box': {'xmin': 40, 'ymin': 70, 'xmax': 175, 'ymax': 117}},
 {'score': 0.9960021376609802,
  'label': 'remote',
  'box': {'xmin': 333, 'ymin': 72, 'xmax': 368, 'ymax': 187}},
 {'score': 0.9954745173454285,
  'label': 'couch',
  'box': {'xmin': 0, 'ymin': 1, 'xmax': 639, 'ymax': 473}},
 {'score': 0.9988006353378296,
  'label': 'cat',
  'box': {'xmin': 13, 'ymin': 52, 'xmax': 314, 'ymax': 470}},
 {'score': 0.9986783862113953,
  'label': 'cat',
  'box': {'xmin': 345, 'ymin': 23, 'xmax': 640, 'ymax': 368}}]

Here we get a list of objects detected in the image, with a box surrounding the object and a confidence score. Here is the original image on the left, with the predictions displayed on the right:

You can learn more about the tasks supported by the pipeline API in this tutorial.

In addition to pipeline, to download and use any of the pretrained models on your given task, all it takes is three lines of code. Here is the PyTorch version:

>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModel

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
>>> model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")

>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello world!", return_tensors="pt")
>>> outputs = model(**inputs)

And here is the equivalent code for TensorFlow:

>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFAutoModel

>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
>>> model = TFAutoModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")

>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello world!", return_tensors="tf")
>>> outputs = model(**inputs)

The tokenizer is responsible for all the preprocessing the pretrained model expects, and can be called directly on a single string (as in the above examples) or a list. It will output a dictionary that you can use in downstream code or simply directly pass to your model using the ** argument unpacking operator.

The model itself is a regular Pytorch nn.Module or a TensorFlow tf.keras.Model (depending on your backend) which you can use as usual. This tutorial explains how to integrate such a model into a classic PyTorch or TensorFlow training loop, or how to use our Trainer API to quickly fine-tune on a new dataset.

Why should I use transformers?

1. Easy-to-use state-of-the-art models:

   • High performance on natural language understanding & generation, computer vision, and audio tasks.
   • Low barrier to entry for educators and practitioners.
   • Few user-facing abstractions with just three classes to learn.
   • A unified API for using all our pretrained models.

2. Lower compute costs, smaller carbon footprint:

   • Researchers can share trained models instead of always retraining.
   • Practitioners can reduce compute time and production costs.
   • Dozens of architectures with over 60,000 pretrained models across all modalities.

3. Choose the right framework for every part of a model's lifetime:

   • Train state-of-the-art models in 3 lines of code.
   • Move a single model between TF2.0/PyTorch/JAX frameworks at will.
   • Seamlessly pick the right framework for training, evaluation and production.

4. Easily customize a model or an example to your needs:

   • We provide examples for each architecture to reproduce the results published by its original authors.
   • Model internals are exposed as consistently as possible.
   • Model files can be used independently of the library for quick experiments.

Why shouldn't I use transformers?

• This library is not a modular toolbox of building blocks for neural nets. The code in the model files is not refactored with additional abstractions on purpose, so that researchers can quickly iterate on each of the models without diving into additional abstractions/files.
• The training API is not intended to work on any model but is optimized to work with the models provided by the library. For generic machine learning loops, you should use another library (possibly, Accelerate).
• While we strive to present as many use cases as possible, the scripts in our examples folder are just that: examples. It is expected that they won't work out-of-the box on your specific problem and that you will be required to change a few lines of code to adapt them to your needs.

Installation

With pip

This repository is tested on Python 3.6+, Flax 0.3.2+, PyTorch 1.3.1+ and TensorFlow 2.3+.

You should install Transformers in a virtual environment. If you're unfamiliar with Python virtual environments, check out the user guide.

First, create a virtual environment with the version of Python you're going to use and activate it.

Then, you will need to install at least one of Flax, PyTorch or TensorFlow. Please refer to TensorFlow installation page, PyTorch installation page and/or Flax and Jax installation pages regarding the specific installation command for your platform.

When one of those backends has been installed, Transformers can be installed using pip as follows:

pip install transformers

If you'd like to play with the examples or need the bleeding edge of the code and can't wait for a new release, you must install the library from source.

With conda

Since Transformers version v4.0.0, we now have a conda channel: huggingface.

Transformers can be installed using conda as follows:

conda install -c huggingface transformers

Follow the installation pages of Flax, PyTorch or TensorFlow to see how to install them with conda.

NOTE: On Windows, you may be prompted to activate Developer Mode in order to benefit from caching. If this is not an option for you, please let us know in this issue.

Model architectures

All the model checkpoints provided by Transformers are seamlessly integrated from the huggingface.co model hub where they are uploaded directly by users and organizations.

Current number of checkpoints:

Transformers currently provides the following architectures (see here for a high-level summary of each them):

1. ALBERT (from Google Research and the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago) released with the paper ALBERT: A Lite BERT for Self-supervised Learning of Language Representations, by Zhenzhong Lan, Mingda Chen, Sebastian Goodman, Kevin Gimpel, Piyush Sharma, Radu Soricut.
2. ALIGN (from Google Research) released with the paper Scaling Up Visual and Vision-Language Representation Learning With Noisy Text Supervision by Chao Jia, Yinfei Yang, Ye Xia, Yi-Ting Chen, Zarana Parekh, Hieu Pham, Quoc V. Le, Yunhsuan Sung, Zhen Li, Tom Duerig.
3. AltCLIP (from BAAI) released with the paper AltCLIP: Altering the Language Encoder in CLIP for Extended Language Capabilities by Chen, Zhongzhi and Liu, Guang and Zhang, Bo-Wen and Ye, Fulong and Yang, Qinghong and Wu, Ledell.
4. Audio Spectrogram Transformer (from MIT) released with the paper AST: Audio Spectrogram Transformer by Yuan Gong, Yu-An Chung, James Glass.
5. Autoformer (from Tsinghua University) released with the paper Autoformer: Decomposition Transformers with Auto-Correlation for Long-Term Series Forecasting by Haixu Wu, Jiehui Xu, Jianmin Wang, Mingsheng Long.
6. BART (from Facebook) released with the paper BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension by Mike Lewis, Yinhan Liu, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Omer Levy, Ves Stoyanov and Luke Zettlemoyer.
7. BARThez (from cole polytechnique) released with the paper BARThez: a Skilled Pretrained French Sequence-to-Sequence Model by Moussa Kamal Eddine, Antoine J.-P. Tixier, Michalis Vazirgiannis.
8. BARTpho (from VinAI Research) released with the paper BARTpho: Pre-trained Sequence-to-Sequence Models for Vietnamese by Nguyen Luong Tran, Duong Minh Le and Dat Quoc Nguyen.
9. BEiT (from Microsoft) released with the paper BEiT: BERT Pre-Training of Image Transformers by Hangbo Bao, Li Dong, Furu Wei.
10. BERT (from Google) released with the paper BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding by Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee and Kristina Toutanova.
11. BERT For Sequence Generation (from Google) released with the paper Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks by Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn.
12. BERTweet (from VinAI Research) released with the paper BERTweet: A pre-trained language model for English Tweets by Dat Quoc Nguyen, Thanh Vu and Anh Tuan Nguyen.
13. BigBird-Pegasus (from Google Research) released with the paper Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences by Manzil Zaheer, Guru Guruganesh, Avinava Dubey, Joshua Ainslie, Chris Alberti, Santiago Ontanon, Philip Pham, Anirudh Ravula, Qifan Wang, Li Yang, Amr Ahmed.
14. BigBird-RoBERTa (from Google Research) released with the paper Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences by Manzil Zaheer, Guru Guruganesh, Avinava Dubey, Joshua Ainslie, Chris Alberti, Santiago Ontanon, Philip Pham, Anirudh Ravula, Qifan Wang, Li Yang, Amr Ahmed.
15. BioGpt (from Microsoft Research AI4Science) released with the paper BioGPT: generative pre-trained transformer for biomedical text generation and mining by Renqian Luo, Liai Sun, Yingce Xia, Tao Qin, Sheng Zhang, Hoifung Poon and Tie-Yan Liu.
16. BiT (from Google AI) released with the paper Big Transfer (BiT): General Visual Representation Learning by Alexander Kolesnikov, Lucas Beyer, Xiaohua Zhai, Joan Puigcerver, Jessica Yung, Sylvain Gelly, Neil Houlsby.
17. Blenderbot (from Facebook) released with the paper Recipes for building an open-domain chatbot by Stephen Roller, Emily Dinan, Naman Goyal, Da Ju, Mary Williamson, Yinhan Liu, Jing Xu, Myle Ott, Kurt Shuster, Eric M. Smith, Y-Lan Boureau, Jason Weston.
18. BlenderbotSmall (from Facebook) released with the paper Recipes for building an open-domain chatbot by Stephen Roller, Emily Dinan, Naman Goyal, Da Ju, Mary Williamson, Yinhan Liu, Jing Xu, Myle Ott, Kurt Shuster, Eric M. Smith, Y-Lan Boureau, Jason Weston.
19. BLIP (from Salesforce) released with the paper BLIP: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training for Unified Vision-Language Understanding and Generation by Junnan Li, Dongxu Li, Caiming Xiong, Steven Hoi.
20. BLIP-2 (from Salesforce) released with the paper BLIP-2: Bootstrapping Language-Image Pre-training with Frozen Image Encoders and Large Language Models by Junnan Li, Dongxu Li, Silvio Savarese, Steven Hoi.
21. BLOOM (from BigScience workshop) released by the BigScience Workshop.
22. BORT (from Alexa) released with the paper Optimal Subarchitecture Extraction For BERT by Adrian de Wynter and Daniel J. Perry.
23. BridgeTower (from Harbin Institute of Technology/Microsoft Research Asia/Intel Labs) released with the paper BridgeTower: Building Bridges Between Encoders in Vision-Language Representation Learning by Xiao Xu, Chenfei Wu, Shachar Rosenman, Vasudev Lal, Wanxiang Che, Nan Duan.
24. ByT5 (from Google Research) released with the paper ByT5: Towards a token-free future with pre-trained byte-to-byte models by Linting Xue, Aditya Barua, Noah Constant, Rami Al-Rfou, Sharan Narang, Mihir Kale, Adam Roberts, Colin Raffel.
25. CamemBERT (from Inria/Facebook/Sorbonne) released with the paper CamemBERT: a Tasty French Language Model by Louis Martin*, Benjamin Muller*, Pedro Javier Ortiz Surez*, Yoann Dupont, Laurent Romary, ric Villemonte de la Clergerie, Djam Seddah and Benot Sagot.
26. CANINE (from Google Research) released with the paper CANINE: Pre-training an Efficient Tokenization-Free Encoder for Language Representation by Jonathan H. Clark, Dan Garrette, Iulia Turc, John Wieting.
27. Chinese-CLIP (from OFA-Sys) released with the paper Chinese CLIP: Contrastive Vision-Language Pretraining in Chinese by An Yang, Junshu Pan, Junyang Lin, Rui Men, Yichang Zhang, Jingren Zhou, Chang Zhou.
28. CLAP (from LAION-AI) released with the paper Large-scale Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining with Feature Fusion and Keyword-to-Caption Augmentation by Yusong Wu, Ke Chen, Tianyu Zhang, Yuchen Hui, Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick, Shlomo Dubnov.
29. CLIP (from OpenAI) released with the paper Learning Transferable Visual Models From Natural Language Supervision by Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Chris Hallacy, Aditya Ramesh, Gabriel Goh, Sandhini Agarwal, Girish Sastry, Amanda Askell, Pamela Mishkin, Jack Clark, Gretchen Krueger, Ilya Sutskever.
30. CLIPSeg (from University of Gttingen) released with the paper Image Segmentation Using Text and Image Prompts by Timo Lddecke and Alexander Ecker.
31. CodeGen (from Salesforce) released with the paper A Conversational Paradigm for Program Synthesis by Erik Nijkamp, Bo Pang, Hiroaki Hayashi, Lifu Tu, Huan Wang, Yingbo Zhou, Silvio Savarese, Caiming Xiong.
32. Conditional DETR (from Microsoft Research Asia) released with the paper Conditional DETR for Fast Training Convergence by Depu Meng, Xiaokang Chen, Zejia Fan, Gang Zeng, Houqiang Li, Yuhui Yuan, Lei Sun, Jingdong Wang.
33. ConvBERT (from YituTech) released with the paper ConvBERT: Improving BERT with Span-based Dynamic Convolution by Zihang Jiang, Weihao Yu, Daquan Zhou, Yunpeng Chen, Jiashi Feng, Shuicheng Yan.
34. ConvNeXT (from Facebook AI) released with the paper A ConvNet for the 2020s by Zhuang Liu, Hanzi Mao, Chao-Yuan Wu, Christoph Feichtenhofer, Trevor Darrell, Saining Xie.
35. ConvNeXTV2 (from Facebook AI) released with the paper ConvNeXt V2: Co-designing and Scaling ConvNets with Masked Autoencoders by Sanghyun Woo, Shoubhik Debnath, Ronghang Hu, Xinlei Chen, Zhuang Liu, In So Kweon, Saining Xie.
36. CPM (from Tsinghua University) released with the paper CPM: A Large-scale Generative Chinese Pre-trained Language Model by Zhengyan Zhang, Xu Han, Hao Zhou, Pei Ke, Yuxian Gu, Deming Ye, Yujia Qin, Yusheng Su, Haozhe Ji, Jian Guan, Fanchao Qi, Xiaozhi Wang, Yanan Zheng, Guoyang Zeng, Huanqi Cao, Shengqi Chen, Daixuan Li, Zhenbo Sun, Zhiyuan Liu, Minlie Huang, Wentao Han, Jie Tang, Juanzi Li, Xiaoyan Zhu, Maosong Sun.
37. CPM-Ant (from OpenBMB) released by the OpenBMB.
38. CTRL (from Salesforce) released with the paper CTRL: A Conditional Transformer Language Model for Controllable Generation by Nitish Shirish Keskar*, Bryan McCann*, Lav R. Varshney, Caiming Xiong and Richard Socher.
39. CvT (from Microsoft) released with the paper CvT: Introducing Convolutions to Vision Transformers by Haiping Wu, Bin Xiao, Noel Codella, Mengchen Liu, Xiyang Dai, Lu Yuan, Lei Zhang.
40. Data2Vec (from Facebook) released with the paper Data2Vec: A General Framework for Self-supervised Learning in Speech, Vision and Language by Alexei Baevski, Wei-Ning Hsu, Qiantong Xu, Arun Babu, Jiatao Gu, Michael Auli.
41. DeBERTa (from Microsoft) released with the paper DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen.
42. DeBERTa-v2 (from Microsoft) released with the paper DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen.
43. Decision Transformer (from Berkeley/Facebook/Google) released with the paper Decision Transformer: Reinforcement Learning via Sequence Modeling by Lili Chen, Kevin Lu, Aravind Rajeswaran, Kimin Lee, Aditya Grover, Michael Laskin, Pieter Abbeel, Aravind Srinivas, Igor Mordatch.
44. Deformable DETR (from SenseTime Research) released with the paper Deformable DETR: Deformable Transformers for End-to-End Object Detection by Xizhou Zhu, Weijie Su, Lewei Lu, Bin Li, Xiaogang Wang, Jifeng Dai.
45. DeiT (from Facebook) released with the paper Training data-efficient image transformers & distillation through attention by Hugo Touvron, Matthieu Cord, Matthijs Douze, Francisco Massa, Alexandre Sablayrolles, Herv Jgou.
46. DePlot (from Google AI) released with the paper DePlot: One-shot visual language reasoning by plot-to-table translation by Fangyu Liu, Julian Martin Eisenschlos, Francesco Piccinno, Syrine Krichene, Chenxi Pang, Kenton Lee, Mandar Joshi, Wenhu Chen, Nigel Collier, Yasemin Altun.
47. DETA (from The University of Texas at Austin) released with the paper NMS Strikes Back by Jeffrey Ouyang-Zhang, Jang Hyun Cho, Xingyi Zhou, Philipp Krhenbhl.
48. DETR (from Facebook) released with the paper End-to-End Object Detection with Transformers by Nicolas Carion, Francisco Massa, Gabriel Synnaeve, Nicolas Usunier, Alexander Kirillov, Sergey Zagoruyko.
49. DialoGPT (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper DialoGPT: Large-Scale Generative Pre-training for Conversational Response Generation by Yizhe Zhang, Siqi Sun, Michel Galley, Yen-Chun Chen, Chris Brockett, Xiang Gao, Jianfeng Gao, Jingjing Liu, Bill Dolan.
50. DiNAT (from SHI Labs) released with the paper Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer by Ali Hassani and Humphrey Shi.
51. DistilBERT (from HuggingFace), released together with the paper DistilBERT, a distilled version of BERT: smaller, faster, cheaper and lighter by Victor Sanh, Lysandre Debut and Thomas Wolf. The same method has been applied to compress GPT2 into DistilGPT2, RoBERTa into DistilRoBERTa, Multilingual BERT into DistilmBERT and a German version of DistilBERT.
52. DiT (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper DiT: Self-supervised Pre-training for Document Image Transformer by Junlong Li, Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Cha Zhang, Furu Wei.
53. Donut (from NAVER), released together with the paper OCR-free Document Understanding Transformer by Geewook Kim, Teakgyu Hong, Moonbin Yim, Jeongyeon Nam, Jinyoung Park, Jinyeong Yim, Wonseok Hwang, Sangdoo Yun, Dongyoon Han, Seunghyun Park.
54. DPR (from Facebook) released with the paper Dense Passage Retrieval for Open-Domain Question Answering by Vladimir Karpukhin, Barlas Ouz, Sewon Min, Patrick Lewis, Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen, and Wen-tau Yih.
55. DPT (from Intel Labs) released with the paper Vision Transformers for Dense Prediction by Ren Ranftl, Alexey Bochkovskiy, Vladlen Koltun.
56. EfficientFormer (from Snap Research) released with the paper EfficientFormer: Vision Transformers at MobileNetSpeed by Yanyu Li, Geng Yuan, Yang Wen, Ju Hu, Georgios Evangelidis, Sergey Tulyakov, Yanzhi Wang, Jian Ren.
57. EfficientNet (from Google Brain) released with the paper EfficientNet: Rethinking Model Scaling for Convolutional Neural Networks by Mingxing Tan, Quoc V. Le.
58. ELECTRA (from Google Research/Stanford University) released with the paper ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators by Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning.
59. EncoderDecoder (from Google Research) released with the paper Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks by Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn.
60. ERNIE (from Baidu) released with the paper ERNIE: Enhanced Representation through Knowledge Integration by Yu Sun, Shuohuan Wang, Yukun Li, Shikun Feng, Xuyi Chen, Han Zhang, Xin Tian, Danxiang Zhu, Hao Tian, Hua Wu.
61. ErnieM (from Baidu) released with the paper ERNIE-M: Enhanced Multilingual Representation by Aligning Cross-lingual Semantics with Monolingual Corpora by Xuan Ouyang, Shuohuan Wang, Chao Pang, Yu Sun, Hao Tian, Hua Wu, Haifeng Wang.
62. ESM (from Meta AI) are transformer protein language models. ESM-1b was released with the paper Biological structure and function emerge from scaling unsupervised learning to 250 million protein sequences by Alexander Rives, Joshua Meier, Tom Sercu, Siddharth Goyal, Zeming Lin, Jason Liu, Demi Guo, Myle Ott, C. Lawrence Zitnick, Jerry Ma, and Rob Fergus. ESM-1v was released with the paper Language models enable zero-shot prediction of the effects of mutations on protein function by Joshua Meier, Roshan Rao, Robert Verkuil, Jason Liu, Tom Sercu and Alexander Rives. ESM-2 and ESMFold were released with the paper Language models of protein sequences at the scale of evolution enable accurate structure prediction by Zeming Lin, Halil Akin, Roshan Rao, Brian Hie, Zhongkai Zhu, Wenting Lu, Allan dos Santos Costa, Maryam Fazel-Zarandi, Tom Sercu, Sal Candido, Alexander Rives.
63. FLAN-T5 (from Google AI) released in the repository google-research/t5x by Hyung Won Chung, Le Hou, Shayne Longpre, Barret Zoph, Yi Tay, William Fedus, Eric Li, Xuezhi Wang, Mostafa Dehghani, Siddhartha Brahma, Albert Webson, Shixiang Shane Gu, Zhuyun Dai, Mirac Suzgun, Xinyun Chen, Aakanksha Chowdhery, Sharan Narang, Gaurav Mishra, Adams Yu, Vincent Zhao, Yanping Huang, Andrew Dai, Hongkun Yu, Slav Petrov, Ed H. Chi, Jeff Dean, Jacob Devlin, Adam Roberts, Denny Zhou, Quoc V. Le, and Jason Wei
64. FLAN-UL2 (from Google AI) released in the repository google-research/t5x by Hyung Won Chung, Le Hou, Shayne Longpre, Barret Zoph, Yi Tay, William Fedus, Eric Li, Xuezhi Wang, Mostafa Dehghani, Siddhartha Brahma, Albert Webson, Shixiang Shane Gu, Zhuyun Dai, Mirac Suzgun, Xinyun Chen, Aakanksha Chowdhery, Sharan Narang, Gaurav Mishra, Adams Yu, Vincent Zhao, Yanping Huang, Andrew Dai, Hongkun Yu, Slav Petrov, Ed H. Chi, Jeff Dean, Jacob Devlin, Adam Roberts, Denny Zhou, Quoc V. Le, and Jason Wei
65. FlauBERT (from CNRS) released with the paper FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French by Hang Le, Loc Vial, Jibril Frej, Vincent Segonne, Maximin Coavoux, Benjamin Lecouteux, Alexandre Allauzen, Benot Crabb, Laurent Besacier, Didier Schwab.
66. FLAVA (from Facebook AI) released with the paper FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Model by Amanpreet Singh, Ronghang Hu, Vedanuj Goswami, Guillaume Couairon, Wojciech Galuba, Marcus Rohrbach, and Douwe Kiela.
67. FNet (from Google Research) released with the paper FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms by James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon.
68. FocalNet (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper Focal Modulation Networks by Jianwei Yang, Chunyuan Li, Xiyang Dai, Lu Yuan, Jianfeng Gao.
69. Funnel Transformer (from CMU/Google Brain) released with the paper Funnel-Transformer: Filtering out Sequential Redundancy for Efficient Language Processing by Zihang Dai, Guokun Lai, Yiming Yang, Quoc V. Le.
70. GIT (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper GIT: A Generative Image-to-text Transformer for Vision and Language by Jianfeng Wang, Zhengyuan Yang, Xiaowei Hu, Linjie Li, Kevin Lin, Zhe Gan, Zicheng Liu, Ce Liu, Lijuan Wang.
71. GLPN (from KAIST) released with the paper Global-Local Path Networks for Monocular Depth Estimation with Vertical CutDepth by Doyeon Kim, Woonghyun Ga, Pyungwhan Ahn, Donggyu Joo, Sehwan Chun, Junmo Kim.
72. GPT (from OpenAI) released with the paper Improving Language Understanding by Generative Pre-Training by Alec Radford, Karthik Narasimhan, Tim Salimans and Ilya Sutskever.
73. GPT Neo (from EleutherAI) released in the repository EleutherAI/gpt-neo by Sid Black, Stella Biderman, Leo Gao, Phil Wang and Connor Leahy.
74. GPT NeoX (from EleutherAI) released with the paper GPT-NeoX-20B: An Open-Source Autoregressive Language Model by Sid Black, Stella Biderman, Eric Hallahan, Quentin Anthony, Leo Gao, Laurence Golding, Horace He, Connor Leahy, Kyle McDonell, Jason Phang, Michael Pieler, USVSN Sai Prashanth, Shivanshu Purohit, Laria Reynolds, Jonathan Tow, Ben Wang, Samuel Weinbach
75. GPT NeoX Japanese (from ABEJA) released by Shinya Otani, Takayoshi Makabe, Anuj Arora, and Kyo Hattori.
76. GPT-2 (from OpenAI) released with the paper Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners by Alec Radford*, Jeffrey Wu*, Rewon Child, David Luan, Dario Amodei** and Ilya Sutskever**.
77. GPT-J (from EleutherAI) released in the repository kingoflolz/mesh-transformer-jax by Ben Wang and Aran Komatsuzaki.
78. GPT-Sw3 (from AI-Sweden) released with the paper Lessons Learned from GPT-SW3: Building the First Large-Scale Generative Language Model for Swedish by Ariel Ekgren, Amaru Cuba Gyllensten, Evangelia Gogoulou, Alice Heiman, Severine Verlinden, Joey hman, Fredrik Carlsson, Magnus Sahlgren.
79. GPTBigCode (from BigCode) released with the paper SantaCoder: don't reach for the stars! by Loubna Ben Allal, Raymond Li, Denis Kocetkov, Chenghao Mou, Christopher Akiki, Carlos Munoz Ferrandis, Niklas Muennighoff, Mayank Mishra, Alex Gu, Manan Dey, Logesh Kumar Umapathi, Carolyn Jane Anderson, Yangtian Zi, Joel Lamy Poirier, Hailey Schoelkopf, Sergey Troshin, Dmitry Abulkhanov, Manuel Romero, Michael Lappert, Francesco De Toni, Bernardo Garca del Ro, Qian Liu, Shamik Bose, Urvashi Bhattacharyya, Terry Yue Zhuo, Ian Yu, Paulo Villegas, Marco Zocca, Sourab Mangrulkar, David Lansky, Huu Nguyen, Danish Contractor, Luis Villa, Jia Li, Dzmitry Bahdanau, Yacine Jernite, Sean Hughes, Daniel Fried, Arjun Guha, Harm de Vries, Leandro von Werra.
80. GPTSAN-japanese released in the repository tanreinama/GPTSAN by Toshiyuki Sakamoto(tanreinama).
81. Graphormer (from Microsoft) released with the paper Do Transformers Really Perform Bad for Graph Representation? by Chengxuan Ying, Tianle Cai, Shengjie Luo, Shuxin Zheng, Guolin Ke, Di He, Yanming Shen, Tie-Yan Liu.
82. GroupViT (from UCSD, NVIDIA) released with the paper GroupViT: Semantic Segmentation Emerges from Text Supervision by Jiarui Xu, Shalini De Mello, Sifei Liu, Wonmin Byeon, Thomas Breuel, Jan Kautz, Xiaolong Wang.
83. Hubert (from Facebook) released with the paper HuBERT: Self-Supervised Speech Representation Learning by Masked Prediction of Hidden Units by Wei-Ning Hsu, Benjamin Bolte, Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai, Kushal Lakhotia, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Abdelrahman Mohamed.
84. I-BERT (from Berkeley) released with the paper I-BERT: Integer-only BERT Quantization by Sehoon Kim, Amir Gholami, Zhewei Yao, Michael W. Mahoney, Kurt Keutzer.
85. ImageGPT (from OpenAI) released with the paper Generative Pretraining from Pixels by Mark Chen, Alec Radford, Rewon Child, Jeffrey Wu, Heewoo Jun, David Luan, Ilya Sutskever.
86. Informer (from Beihang University, UC Berkeley, Rutgers University, SEDD Company) released with the paper Informer: Beyond Efficient Transformer for Long Sequence Time-Series Forecasting by Haoyi Zhou, Shanghang Zhang, Jieqi Peng, Shuai Zhang, Jianxin Li, Hui Xiong, and Wancai Zhang.
87. Jukebox (from OpenAI) released with the paper Jukebox: A Generative Model for Music by Prafulla Dhariwal, Heewoo Jun, Christine Payne, Jong Wook Kim, Alec Radford, Ilya Sutskever.
88. LayoutLM (from Microsoft Research Asia) released with the paper LayoutLM: Pre-training of Text and Layout for Document Image Understanding by Yiheng Xu, Minghao Li, Lei Cui, Shaohan Huang, Furu Wei, Ming Zhou.
89. LayoutLMv2 (from Microsoft Research Asia) released with the paper LayoutLMv2: Multi-modal Pre-training for Visually-Rich Document Understanding by Yang Xu, Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Furu Wei, Guoxin Wang, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Wanxiang Che, Min Zhang, Lidong Zhou.
90. LayoutLMv3 (from Microsoft Research Asia) released with the paper LayoutLMv3: Pre-training for Document AI with Unified Text and Image Masking by Yupan Huang, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Yutong Lu, Furu Wei.
91. LayoutXLM (from Microsoft Research Asia) released with the paper LayoutXLM: Multimodal Pre-training for Multilingual Visually-rich Document Understanding by Yiheng Xu, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Guoxin Wang, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Furu Wei.
92. LED (from AllenAI) released with the paper Longformer: The Long-Document Transformer by Iz Beltagy, Matthew E. Peters, Arman Cohan.
93. LeViT (from Meta AI) released with the paper LeViT: A Vision Transformer in ConvNet's Clothing for Faster Inference by Ben Graham, Alaaeldin El-Nouby, Hugo Touvron, Pierre Stock, Armand Joulin, Herv Jgou, Matthijs Douze.
94. LiLT (from South China University of Technology) released with the paper LiLT: A Simple yet Effective Language-Independent Layout Transformer for Structured Document Understanding by Jiapeng Wang, Lianwen Jin, Kai Ding.
95. LLaMA (from The FAIR team of Meta AI) released with the paper LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models by Hugo Touvron, Thibaut Lavril, Gautier Izacard, Xavier Martinet, Marie-Anne Lachaux, Timothe Lacroix, Baptiste Rozire, Naman Goyal, Eric Hambro, Faisal Azhar, Aurelien Rodriguez, Armand Joulin, Edouard Grave, Guillaume Lample.
96. Longformer (from AllenAI) released with the paper Longformer: The Long-Document Transformer by Iz Beltagy, Matthew E. Peters, Arman Cohan.
97. LongT5 (from Google AI) released with the paper LongT5: Efficient Text-To-Text Transformer for Long Sequences by Mandy Guo, Joshua Ainslie, David Uthus, Santiago Ontanon, Jianmo Ni, Yun-Hsuan Sung, Yinfei Yang.
98. LUKE (from Studio Ousia) released with the paper LUKE: Deep Contextualized Entity Representations with Entity-aware Self-attention by Ikuya Yamada, Akari Asai, Hiroyuki Shindo, Hideaki Takeda, Yuji Matsumoto.
99. LXMERT (from UNC Chapel Hill) released with the paper LXMERT: Learning Cross-Modality Encoder Representations from Transformers for Open-Domain Question Answering by Hao Tan and Mohit Bansal.
100. M-CTC-T (from Facebook) released with the paper Pseudo-Labeling For Massively Multilingual Speech Recognition by Loren Lugosch, Tatiana Likhomanenko, Gabriel Synnaeve, and Ronan Collobert.
101. M2M100 (from Facebook) released with the paper Beyond English-Centric Multilingual Machine Translation by Angela Fan, Shruti Bhosale, Holger Schwenk, Zhiyi Ma, Ahmed El-Kishky, Siddharth Goyal, Mandeep Baines, Onur Celebi, Guillaume Wenzek, Vishrav Chaudhary, Naman Goyal, Tom Birch, Vitaliy Liptchinsky, Sergey Edunov, Edouard Grave, Michael Auli, Armand Joulin.
102. MarianMT Machine translation models trained using OPUS data by Jrg Tiedemann. The Marian Framework is being developed by the Microsoft Translator Team.
103. MarkupLM (from Microsoft Research Asia) released with the paper MarkupLM: Pre-training of Text and Markup Language for Visually-rich Document Understanding by Junlong Li, Yiheng Xu, Lei Cui, Furu Wei.
104. Mask2Former (from FAIR and UIUC) released with the paper Masked-attention Mask Transformer for Universal Image Segmentation by Bowen Cheng, Ishan Misra, Alexander G. Schwing, Alexander Kirillov, Rohit Girdhar.
105. MaskFormer (from Meta and UIUC) released with the paper Per-Pixel Classification is Not All You Need for Semantic Segmentation by Bowen Cheng, Alexander G. Schwing, Alexander Kirillov.
106. MatCha (from Google AI) released with the paper MatCha: Enhancing Visual Language Pretraining with Math Reasoning and Chart Derendering by Fangyu Liu, Francesco Piccinno, Syrine Krichene, Chenxi Pang, Kenton Lee, Mandar Joshi, Yasemin Altun, Nigel Collier, Julian Martin Eisenschlos.
107. mBART (from Facebook) released with the paper Multilingual Denoising Pre-training for Neural Machine Translation by Yinhan Liu, Jiatao Gu, Naman Goyal, Xian Li, Sergey Edunov, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer.
108. mBART-50 (from Facebook) released with the paper Multilingual Translation with Extensible Multilingual Pretraining and Finetuning by Yuqing Tang, Chau Tran, Xian Li, Peng-Jen Chen, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary, Jiatao Gu, Angela Fan.
109. MEGA (from Meta/USC/CMU/SJTU) released with the paper Mega: Moving Average Equipped Gated Attention by Xuezhe Ma, Chunting Zhou, Xiang Kong, Junxian He, Liangke Gui, Graham Neubig, Jonathan May, and Luke Zettlemoyer.
110. Megatron-BERT (from NVIDIA) released with the paper Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism by Mohammad Shoeybi, Mostofa Patwary, Raul Puri, Patrick LeGresley, Jared Casper and Bryan Catanzaro.
111. Megatron-GPT2 (from NVIDIA) released with the paper Megatron-LM: Training Multi-Billion Parameter Language Models Using Model Parallelism by Mohammad Shoeybi, Mostofa Patwary, Raul Puri, Patrick LeGresley, Jared Casper and Bryan Catanzaro.
112. MGP-STR (from Alibaba Research) released with the paper Multi-Granularity Prediction for Scene Text Recognition by Peng Wang, Cheng Da, and Cong Yao.
113. mLUKE (from Studio Ousia) released with the paper mLUKE: The Power of Entity Representations in Multilingual Pretrained Language Models by Ryokan Ri, Ikuya Yamada, and Yoshimasa Tsuruoka.
114. MMS (from Facebook) released with the paper Scaling Speech Technology to 1,000+ Languages by Vineel Pratap, Andros Tjandra, Bowen Shi, Paden Tomasello, Arun Babu, Sayani Kundu, Ali Elkahky, Zhaoheng Ni, Apoorv Vyas, Maryam Fazel-Zarandi, Alexei Baevski, Yossi Adi, Xiaohui Zhang, Wei-Ning Hsu, Alexis Conneau, Michael Auli.
115. MobileBERT (from CMU/Google Brain) released with the paper MobileBERT: a Compact Task-Agnostic BERT for Resource-Limited Devices by Zhiqing Sun, Hongkun Yu, Xiaodan Song, Renjie Liu, Yiming Yang, and Denny Zhou.
116. MobileNetV1 (from Google Inc.) released with the paper MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications by Andrew G. Howard, Menglong Zhu, Bo Chen, Dmitry Kalenichenko, Weijun Wang, Tobias Weyand, Marco Andreetto, Hartwig Adam.
117. MobileNetV2 (from Google Inc.) released with the paper MobileNetV2: Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks by Mark Sandler, Andrew Howard, Menglong Zhu, Andrey Zhmoginov, Liang-Chieh Chen.
118. MobileViT (from Apple) released with the paper MobileViT: Light-weight, General-purpose, and Mobile-friendly Vision Transformer by Sachin Mehta and Mohammad Rastegari.
119. MobileViTV2 (from Apple) released with the paper Separable Self-attention for Mobile Vision Transformers by Sachin Mehta and Mohammad Rastegari.
120. MPNet (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper MPNet: Masked and Permuted Pre-training for Language Understanding by Kaitao Song, Xu Tan, Tao Qin, Jianfeng Lu, Tie-Yan Liu.
121. MT5 (from Google AI) released with the paper mT5: A massively multilingual pre-trained text-to-text transformer by Linting Xue, Noah Constant, Adam Roberts, Mihir Kale, Rami Al-Rfou, Aditya Siddhant, Aditya Barua, Colin Raffel.
122. MVP (from RUC AI Box) released with the paper MVP: Multi-task Supervised Pre-training for Natural Language Generation by Tianyi Tang, Junyi Li, Wayne Xin Zhao and Ji-Rong Wen.
123. NAT (from SHI Labs) released with the paper Neighborhood Attention Transformer by Ali Hassani, Steven Walton, Jiachen Li, Shen Li, and Humphrey Shi.
124. Nezha (from Huawei Noahs Ark Lab) released with the paper NEZHA: Neural Contextualized Representation for Chinese Language Understanding by Junqiu Wei, Xiaozhe Ren, Xiaoguang Li, Wenyong Huang, Yi Liao, Yasheng Wang, Jiashu Lin, Xin Jiang, Xiao Chen and Qun Liu.
125. NLLB (from Meta) released with the paper No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation by the NLLB team.
126. NLLB-MOE (from Meta) released with the paper No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation by the NLLB team.
127. Nystrmformer (from the University of Wisconsin - Madison) released with the paper Nystrmformer: A Nystrm-Based Algorithm for Approximating Self-Attention by Yunyang Xiong, Zhanpeng Zeng, Rudrasis Chakraborty, Mingxing Tan, Glenn Fung, Yin Li, Vikas Singh.
128. OneFormer (from SHI Labs) released with the paper OneFormer: One Transformer to Rule Universal Image Segmentation by Jitesh Jain, Jiachen Li, MangTik Chiu, Ali Hassani, Nikita Orlov, Humphrey Shi.
129. OpenLlama (from s-JoL) released in Open-Llama.
130. OPT (from Meta AI) released with the paper OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models by Susan Zhang, Stephen Roller, Naman Goyal, Mikel Artetxe, Moya Chen, Shuohui Chen et al.
131. OWL-ViT (from Google AI) released with the paper Simple Open-Vocabulary Object Detection with Vision Transformers by Matthias Minderer, Alexey Gritsenko, Austin Stone, Maxim Neumann, Dirk Weissenborn, Alexey Dosovitskiy, Aravindh Mahendran, Anurag Arnab, Mostafa Dehghani, Zhuoran Shen, Xiao Wang, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Kipf, and Neil Houlsby.
132. Pegasus (from Google) released with the paper PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentences for Abstractive Summarization by Jingqing Zhang, Yao Zhao, Mohammad Saleh and Peter J. Liu.
133. PEGASUS-X (from Google) released with the paper Investigating Efficiently Extending Transformers for Long Input Summarization by Jason Phang, Yao Zhao, and Peter J. Liu.
134. Perceiver IO (from Deepmind) released with the paper Perceiver IO: A General Architecture for Structured Inputs & Outputs by Andrew Jaegle, Sebastian Borgeaud, Jean-Baptiste Alayrac, Carl Doersch, Catalin Ionescu, David Ding, Skanda Koppula, Daniel Zoran, Andrew Brock, Evan Shelhamer, Olivier Hnaff, Matthew M. Botvinick, Andrew Zisserman, Oriol Vinyals, Joo Carreira.
135. PhoBERT (from VinAI Research) released with the paper PhoBERT: Pre-trained language models for Vietnamese by Dat Quoc Nguyen and Anh Tuan Nguyen.
136. Pix2Struct (from Google) released with the paper Pix2Struct: Screenshot Parsing as Pretraining for Visual Language Understanding by Kenton Lee, Mandar Joshi, Iulia Turc, Hexiang Hu, Fangyu Liu, Julian Eisenschlos, Urvashi Khandelwal, Peter Shaw, Ming-Wei Chang, Kristina Toutanova.
137. PLBart (from UCLA NLP) released with the paper Unified Pre-training for Program Understanding and Generation by Wasi Uddin Ahmad, Saikat Chakraborty, Baishakhi Ray, Kai-Wei Chang.
138. PoolFormer (from Sea AI Labs) released with the paper MetaFormer is Actually What You Need for Vision by Yu, Weihao and Luo, Mi and Zhou, Pan and Si, Chenyang and Zhou, Yichen and Wang, Xinchao and Feng, Jiashi and Yan, Shuicheng.
139. ProphetNet (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper ProphetNet: Predicting Future N-gram for Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training by Yu Yan, Weizhen Qi, Yeyun Gong, Dayiheng Liu, Nan Duan, Jiusheng Chen, Ruofei Zhang and Ming Zhou.
140. QDQBert (from NVIDIA) released with the paper Integer Quantization for Deep Learning Inference: Principles and Empirical Evaluation by Hao Wu, Patrick Judd, Xiaojie Zhang, Mikhail Isaev and Paulius Micikevicius.
141. RAG (from Facebook) released with the paper Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks by Patrick Lewis, Ethan Perez, Aleksandara Piktus, Fabio Petroni, Vladimir Karpukhin, Naman Goyal, Heinrich Kttler, Mike Lewis, Wen-tau Yih, Tim Rocktschel, Sebastian Riedel, Douwe Kiela.
142. REALM (from Google Research) released with the paper REALM: Retrieval-Augmented Language Model Pre-Training by Kelvin Guu, Kenton Lee, Zora Tung, Panupong Pasupat and Ming-Wei Chang.
143. Reformer (from Google Research) released with the paper Reformer: The Efficient Transformer by Nikita Kitaev, ukasz Kaiser, Anselm Levskaya.
144. RegNet (from META Platforms) released with the paper Designing Network Design Space by Ilija Radosavovic, Raj Prateek Kosaraju, Ross Girshick, Kaiming He, Piotr Dollr.
145. RemBERT (from Google Research) released with the paper Rethinking embedding coupling in pre-trained language models by Hyung Won Chung, Thibault Fvry, Henry Tsai, M. Johnson, Sebastian Ruder.
146. ResNet (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition by Kaiming He, Xiangyu Zhang, Shaoqing Ren, Jian Sun.
147. RoBERTa (from Facebook), released together with the paper RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach by Yinhan Liu, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Mandar Joshi, Danqi Chen, Omer Levy, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer, Veselin Stoyanov.
148. RoBERTa-PreLayerNorm (from Facebook) released with the paper fairseq: A Fast, Extensible Toolkit for Sequence Modeling by Myle Ott, Sergey Edunov, Alexei Baevski, Angela Fan, Sam Gross, Nathan Ng, David Grangier, Michael Auli.
149. RoCBert (from WeChatAI) released with the paper RoCBert: Robust Chinese Bert with Multimodal Contrastive Pretraining by HuiSu, WeiweiShi, XiaoyuShen, XiaoZhou, TuoJi, JiaruiFang, JieZhou.
150. RoFormer (from ZhuiyiTechnology), released together with the paper RoFormer: Enhanced Transformer with Rotary Position Embedding by Jianlin Su and Yu Lu and Shengfeng Pan and Bo Wen and Yunfeng Liu.
151. RWKV (from Bo Peng), released on this repo by Bo Peng.
152. SegFormer (from NVIDIA) released with the paper SegFormer: Simple and Efficient Design for Semantic Segmentation with Transformers by Enze Xie, Wenhai Wang, Zhiding Yu, Anima Anandkumar, Jose M. Alvarez, Ping Luo.
153. Segment Anything (from Meta AI) released with the paper Segment Anything by Alexander Kirillov, Eric Mintun, Nikhila Ravi, Hanzi Mao, Chloe Rolland, Laura Gustafson, Tete Xiao, Spencer Whitehead, Alex Berg, Wan-Yen Lo, Piotr Dollar, Ross Girshick.
154. SEW (from ASAPP) released with the paper Performance-Efficiency Trade-offs in Unsupervised Pre-training for Speech Recognition by Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi.
155. SEW-D (from ASAPP) released with the paper Performance-Efficiency Trade-offs in Unsupervised Pre-training for Speech Recognition by Felix Wu, Kwangyoun Kim, Jing Pan, Kyu Han, Kilian Q. Weinberger, Yoav Artzi.
156. SpeechT5 (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper SpeechT5: Unified-Modal Encoder-Decoder Pre-Training for Spoken Language Processing by Junyi Ao, Rui Wang, Long Zhou, Chengyi Wang, Shuo Ren, Yu Wu, Shujie Liu, Tom Ko, Qing Li, Yu Zhang, Zhihua Wei, Yao Qian, Jinyu Li, Furu Wei.
157. SpeechToTextTransformer (from Facebook), released together with the paper fairseq S2T: Fast Speech-to-Text Modeling with fairseq by Changhan Wang, Yun Tang, Xutai Ma, Anne Wu, Dmytro Okhonko, Juan Pino.
158. SpeechToTextTransformer2 (from Facebook), released together with the paper Large-Scale Self- and Semi-Supervised Learning for Speech Translation by Changhan Wang, Anne Wu, Juan Pino, Alexei Baevski, Michael Auli, Alexis Conneau.
159. Splinter (from Tel Aviv University), released together with the paper Few-Shot Question Answering by Pretraining Span Selection by Ori Ram, Yuval Kirstain, Jonathan Berant, Amir Globerson, Omer Levy.
160. SqueezeBERT (from Berkeley) released with the paper SqueezeBERT: What can computer vision teach NLP about efficient neural networks? by Forrest N. Iandola, Albert E. Shaw, Ravi Krishna, and Kurt W. Keutzer.
161. SwiftFormer (from MBZUAI) released with the paper SwiftFormer: Efficient Additive Attention for Transformer-based Real-time Mobile Vision Applications by Abdelrahman Shaker, Muhammad Maaz, Hanoona Rasheed, Salman Khan, Ming-Hsuan Yang, Fahad Shahbaz Khan.
162. Swin Transformer (from Microsoft) released with the paper Swin Transformer: Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows by Ze Liu, Yutong Lin, Yue Cao, Han Hu, Yixuan Wei, Zheng Zhang, Stephen Lin, Baining Guo.
163. Swin Transformer V2 (from Microsoft) released with the paper Swin Transformer V2: Scaling Up Capacity and Resolution by Ze Liu, Han Hu, Yutong Lin, Zhuliang Yao, Zhenda Xie, Yixuan Wei, Jia Ning, Yue Cao, Zheng Zhang, Li Dong, Furu Wei, Baining Guo.
164. Swin2SR (from University of Wrzburg) released with the paper Swin2SR: SwinV2 Transformer for Compressed Image Super-Resolution and Restoration by Marcos V. Conde, Ui-Jin Choi, Maxime Burchi, Radu Timofte.
165. SwitchTransformers (from Google) released with the paper Switch Transformers: Scaling to Trillion Parameter Models with Simple and Efficient Sparsity by William Fedus, Barret Zoph, Noam Shazeer.
166. T5 (from Google AI) released with the paper Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a Unified Text-to-Text Transformer by Colin Raffel and Noam Shazeer and Adam Roberts and Katherine Lee and Sharan Narang and Michael Matena and Yanqi Zhou and Wei Li and Peter J. Liu.
167. T5v1.1 (from Google AI) released in the repository google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer by Colin Raffel and Noam Shazeer and Adam Roberts and Katherine Lee and Sharan Narang and Michael Matena and Yanqi Zhou and Wei Li and Peter J. Liu.
168. Table Transformer (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper PubTables-1M: Towards Comprehensive Table Extraction From Unstructured Documents by Brandon Smock, Rohith Pesala, Robin Abraham.
169. TAPAS (from Google AI) released with the paper TAPAS: Weakly Supervised Table Parsing via Pre-training by Jonathan Herzig, Pawe Krzysztof Nowak, Thomas Mller, Francesco Piccinno and Julian Martin Eisenschlos.
170. TAPEX (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper TAPEX: Table Pre-training via Learning a Neural SQL Executor by Qian Liu, Bei Chen, Jiaqi Guo, Morteza Ziyadi, Zeqi Lin, Weizhu Chen, Jian-Guang Lou.
171. Time Series Transformer (from HuggingFace).
172. TimeSformer (from Facebook) released with the paper Is Space-Time Attention All You Need for Video Understanding? by Gedas Bertasius, Heng Wang, Lorenzo Torresani.
173. Trajectory Transformer (from the University of California at Berkeley) released with the paper Offline Reinforcement Learning as One Big Sequence Modeling Problem by Michael Janner, Qiyang Li, Sergey Levine
174. Transformer-XL (from Google/CMU) released with the paper Transformer-XL: Attentive Language Models Beyond a Fixed-Length Context by Zihang Dai*, Zhilin Yang*, Yiming Yang, Jaime Carbonell, Quoc V. Le, Ruslan Salakhutdinov.
175. TrOCR (from Microsoft), released together with the paper TrOCR: Transformer-based Optical Character Recognition with Pre-trained Models by Minghao Li, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang, Zhoujun Li, Furu Wei.
176. TVLT (from UNC Chapel Hill) released with the paper TVLT: Textless Vision-Language Transformer by Zineng Tang, Jaemin Cho, Yixin Nie, Mohit Bansal.
177. UL2 (from Google Research) released with the paper Unifying Language Learning Paradigms by Yi Tay, Mostafa Dehghani, Vinh Q. Tran, Xavier Garcia, Dara Bahri, Tal Schuster, Huaixiu Steven Zheng, Neil Houlsby, Donald Metzler
178. UniSpeech (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper UniSpeech: Unified Speech Representation Learning with Labeled and Unlabeled Data by Chengyi Wang, Yu Wu, Yao Qian, Kenichi Kumatani, Shujie Liu, Furu Wei, Michael Zeng, Xuedong Huang.
179. UniSpeechSat (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper UNISPEECH-SAT: UNIVERSAL SPEECH REPRESENTATION LEARNING WITH SPEAKER AWARE PRE-TRAINING by Sanyuan Chen, Yu Wu, Chengyi Wang, Zhengyang Chen, Zhuo Chen, Shujie Liu, Jian Wu, Yao Qian, Furu Wei, Jinyu Li, Xiangzhan Yu.
180. UPerNet (from Peking University) released with the paper Unified Perceptual Parsing for Scene Understanding by Tete Xiao, Yingcheng Liu, Bolei Zhou, Yuning Jiang, Jian Sun.
181. VAN (from Tsinghua University and Nankai University) released with the paper Visual Attention Network by Meng-Hao Guo, Cheng-Ze Lu, Zheng-Ning Liu, Ming-Ming Cheng, Shi-Min Hu.
182. VideoMAE (from Multimedia Computing Group, Nanjing University) released with the paper VideoMAE: Masked Autoencoders are Data-Efficient Learners for Self-Supervised Video Pre-Training by Zhan Tong, Yibing Song, Jue Wang, Limin Wang.
183. ViLT (from NAVER AI Lab/Kakao Enterprise/Kakao Brain) released with the paper ViLT: Vision-and-Language Transformer Without Convolution or Region Supervision by Wonjae Kim, Bokyung Son, Ildoo Kim.
184. Vision Transformer (ViT) (from Google AI) released with the paper An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale by Alexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Unterthiner, Mostafa Dehghani, Matthias Minderer, Georg Heigold, Sylvain Gelly, Jakob Uszkoreit, Neil Houlsby.
185. VisualBERT (from UCLA NLP) released with the paper VisualBERT: A Simple and Performant Baseline for Vision and Language by Liunian Harold Li, Mark Yatskar, Da Yin, Cho-Jui Hsieh, Kai-Wei Chang.
186. ViT Hybrid (from Google AI) released with the paper An Image is Worth 16x16 Words: Transformers for Image Recognition at Scale by Alexey Dosovitskiy, Lucas Beyer, Alexander Kolesnikov, Dirk Weissenborn, Xiaohua Zhai, Thomas Unterthiner, Mostafa Dehghani, Matthias Minderer, Georg Heigold, Sylvain Gelly, Jakob Uszkoreit, Neil Houlsby.
187. ViTMAE (from Meta AI) released with the paper Masked Autoencoders Are Scalable Vision Learners by Kaiming He, Xinlei Chen, Saining Xie, Yanghao Li, Piotr Dollr, Ross Girshick.
188. ViTMSN (from Meta AI) released with the paper Masked Siamese Networks for Label-Efficient Learning by Mahmoud Assran, Mathilde Caron, Ishan Misra, Piotr Bojanowski, Florian Bordes, Pascal Vincent, Armand Joulin, Michael Rabbat, Nicolas Ballas.
189. Wav2Vec2 (from Facebook AI) released with the paper wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representations by Alexei Baevski, Henry Zhou, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Michael Auli.
190. Wav2Vec2-Conformer (from Facebook AI) released with the paper FAIRSEQ S2T: Fast Speech-to-Text Modeling with FAIRSEQ by Changhan Wang, Yun Tang, Xutai Ma, Anne Wu, Sravya Popuri, Dmytro Okhonko, Juan Pino.
191. Wav2Vec2Phoneme (from Facebook AI) released with the paper Simple and Effective Zero-shot Cross-lingual Phoneme Recognition by Qiantong Xu, Alexei Baevski, Michael Auli.
192. WavLM (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper WavLM: Large-Scale Self-Supervised Pre-Training for Full Stack Speech Processing by Sanyuan Chen, Chengyi Wang, Zhengyang Chen, Yu Wu, Shujie Liu, Zhuo Chen, Jinyu Li, Naoyuki Kanda, Takuya Yoshioka, Xiong Xiao, Jian Wu, Long Zhou, Shuo Ren, Yanmin Qian, Yao Qian, Jian Wu, Michael Zeng, Furu Wei.
193. Whisper (from OpenAI) released with the paper Robust Speech Recognition via Large-Scale Weak Supervision by Alec Radford, Jong Wook Kim, Tao Xu, Greg Brockman, Christine McLeavey, Ilya Sutskever.
194. X-CLIP (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper Expanding Language-Image Pretrained Models for General Video Recognition by Bolin Ni, Houwen Peng, Minghao Chen, Songyang Zhang, Gaofeng Meng, Jianlong Fu, Shiming Xiang, Haibin Ling.
195. X-MOD (from Meta AI) released with the paper Lifting the Curse of Multilinguality by Pre-training Modular Transformers by Jonas Pfeiffer, Naman Goyal, Xi Lin, Xian Li, James Cross, Sebastian Riedel, Mikel Artetxe.
196. XGLM (From Facebook AI) released with the paper Few-shot Learning with Multilingual Language Models by Xi Victoria Lin, Todor Mihaylov, Mikel Artetxe, Tianlu Wang, Shuohui Chen, Daniel Simig, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Shruti Bhosale, Jingfei Du, Ramakanth Pasunuru, Sam Shleifer, Punit Singh Koura, Vishrav Chaudhary, Brian O'Horo, Jeff Wang, Luke Zettlemoyer, Zornitsa Kozareva, Mona Diab, Veselin Stoyanov, Xian Li.
197. XLM (from Facebook) released together with the paper Cross-lingual Language Model Pretraining by Guillaume Lample and Alexis Conneau.
198. XLM-ProphetNet (from Microsoft Research) released with the paper ProphetNet: Predicting Future N-gram for Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training by Yu Yan, Weizhen Qi, Yeyun Gong, Dayiheng Liu, Nan Duan, Jiusheng Chen, Ruofei Zhang and Ming Zhou.
199. XLM-RoBERTa (from Facebook AI), released together with the paper Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale by Alexis Conneau*, Kartikay Khandelwal*, Naman Goyal, Vishrav Chaudhary, Guillaume Wenzek, Francisco Guzmn, Edouard Grave, Myle Ott, Luke Zettlemoyer and Veselin Stoyanov.
200. XLM-RoBERTa-XL (from Facebook AI), released together with the paper Larger-Scale Transformers for Multilingual Masked Language Modeling by Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Myle Ott, Giri Anantharaman, Alexis Conneau.
201. XLM-V (from Meta AI) released with the paper XLM-V: Overcoming the Vocabulary Bottleneck in Multilingual Masked Language Models by Davis Liang, Hila Gonen, Yuning Mao, Rui Hou, Naman Goyal, Marjan Ghazvininejad, Luke Zettlemoyer, Madian Khabsa.
202. XLNet (from Google/CMU) released with the paper XLNet: Generalized Autoregressive Pretraining for Language Understanding by Zhilin Yang*, Zihang Dai*, Yiming Yang, Jaime Carbonell, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, Quoc V. Le.
203. XLS-R (from Facebook AI) released with the paper XLS-R: Self-supervised Cross-lingual Speech Representation Learning at Scale by Arun Babu, Changhan Wang, Andros Tjandra, Kushal Lakhotia, Qiantong Xu, Naman Goyal, Kritika Singh, Patrick von Platen, Yatharth Saraf, Juan Pino, Alexei Baevski, Alexis Conneau, Michael Auli.
204. XLSR-Wav2Vec2 (from Facebook AI) released with the paper Unsupervised Cross-Lingual Representation Learning For Speech Recognition by Alexis Conneau, Alexei Baevski, Ronan Collobert, Abdelrahman Mohamed, Michael Auli.
205. YOLOS (from Huazhong University of Science & Technology) released with the paper You Only Look at One Sequence: Rethinking Transformer in Vision through Object Detection by Yuxin Fang, Bencheng Liao, Xinggang Wang, Jiemin Fang, Jiyang Qi, Rui Wu, Jianwei Niu, Wenyu Liu.
206. YOSO (from the University of Wisconsin - Madison) released with the paper You Only Sample (Almost) Once: Linear Cost Self-Attention Via Bernoulli Sampling by Zhanpeng Zeng, Yunyang Xiong, Sathya N. Ravi, Shailesh Acharya, Glenn Fung, Vikas Singh.
207. Want to contribute a new model? We have added a detailed guide and templates to guide you in the process of adding a new model. You can find them in the templates folder of the repository. Be sure to check the contributing guidelines and contact the maintainers or open an issue to collect feedbacks before starting your PR.

To check if each model has an implementation in Flax, PyTorch or TensorFlow, or has an associated tokenizer backed by the Tokenizers library, refer to this table.

These implementations have been tested on several datasets (see the example scripts) and should match the performance of the original implementations. You can find more details on performance in the Examples section of the documentation.

Learn more

Citation

We now have a paper you can cite for the Transformers library:

@inproceedings{wolf-etal-2020-transformers,
    title = "Transformers: State-of-the-Art Natural Language Processing",
    author = "Thomas Wolf and Lysandre Debut and Victor Sanh and Julien Chaumond and Clement Delangue and Anthony Moi and Pierric Cistac and Tim Rault and Rmi Louf and Morgan Funtowicz and Joe Davison and Sam Shleifer and Patrick von Platen and Clara Ma and Yacine Jernite and Julien Plu and Canwen Xu and Teven Le Scao and Sylvain Gugger and Mariama Drame and Quentin Lhoest and Alexander M. Rush",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing: System Demonstrations",
    month = oct,
    year = "2020",
    address = "Online",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.emnlp-demos.6",
    pages = "38--45"
}